聚乳酸与结晶聚乳酸
PLA(Poly Lactic Acid) & CPLA(Crystallized PLA)
生物全降解材料的明日双星
Future double stars of 100% Bio-degradable Materials
聚乳酸是一种100%生物基且100%可堆肥降解的材料。PLA是Polylactic Acid（聚乳酸）的缩写，主要由玉米、木薯、秸秆等生物基原料加工而成。其生产过程包括将原料转化为淀粉，先分解成葡萄糖，再通过发酵生成乳酸，乳酸提纯后聚合成低分子量聚乳酸，接着裂解为双乳酸酯，最后通过开环聚合反应生成高分子量的聚乳酸。
由于PLA的耐热温度只有55℃，因此无法适应热饮杯的环境。为了制造耐热性能更好的材料，必须经过结晶工艺，从而得到耐热至95℃的结晶聚乳酸（CPLA）。这样可以满足咖啡杯盖等高温应用的需求。两者都具备100%生物基、可堆肥、可再生和抑菌的环保特性。
Polylactic acid is a 100% bio based material that is 100% compostable and biodegradable. PLA stands for Polylatic Acid, which is made from bio based materials such as corn, cassava, and straw. It is processed into starch, first broken down into glucose, and then fermented into lactic acid. After purification, the lactic acid is polymerized into low molecular weight polylactic acid, which is then broken down into lactic acid esters. Finally, it is synthesized into high molecular weight polylactic acid through ring opening polymerization.
Due to the heat-resistant temperature of PLA being only 55 ℃, it cannot adapt to the environment of hot beverage cups. To produce materials with better heat resistance, it is necessary to go through another layer of crystallization process in order to obtain materials with a heat resistance of 95 ℃, which is CPLA (Crystallized PLA). This can meet the high temperature resistance requirements of coffee cup lids, and both have 100% bio based, compostable, renewable, and antibacterial environmental performance.